2015-07-31

[public] 1.29M views, 32.8K likes, dislikes audio only

MinuteEarth

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Want to learn more about the topic in this week’s video? Here are some key words/phrases to get your googling started:

-adjuvant: substance added to a vaccine to enhance the body's immune response and increase the vaccine's efficacy

-attenuation: altering a pathogen to make it less virulent (or even harmless)

-acquired immunity: components of the immune system that are developed via exposure to pathogens or other sources of infection

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MinuteEarth provides an energetic and entertaining view of trends in earth’s environment – in just a few minutes!

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Created by Henry Reich

With the MinuteEarth team: Alex Reich, Peter Reich, Emily Elert, Ever Salazar, Kate Yoshida, and Henry Reich. Music by Nathaniel Schroeder: http://www.soundcloud.com/drschroeder

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References:

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2008). Toxicological profile for Aluminum. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp22.pdf

Center for Disease Control (1993). Understanding how vaccines work. http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/patient-ed/conversations/downloads/vacsafe-understand-color-office.pdf

Keith, L.S., Jones, D.E., Chou, C.H. (2002). Aluminum toxicokinetics regarding infant diet and vaccinations. Vaccine 20(Sppl. 3):513-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12184359

Mitkus, R.J., King, D.B., Hess M,A., Forshee, R.A., Walderhaug, M.O. (2011). Updated aluminum pharmacokinetics following infant exposures through diet and vaccination. Vaccine 29(51):9538-9543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.124

Petrovsky, N., Aguilar J.C. (2004). Vaccine adjuvants: current state and future trends. Immunology and Cell Biology 82:482–496. http://www.nature.com/icb/journal/v82/n5/full/icb200475a.html

Sullivan, J.B. and Krieger, G.R., (Eds.) (2001). Clinical Environmental Health and Toxic Exposures. 2nd Edition. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.

Thaysen-Andersen, M., Jorgensen, S.B., Wilhelmsen, E.S. et al. (2007). Investigation of the detoxification mechanism of formaldehyde-treated tetanus toxin. Vaccine 25:2213-2227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.12.033

Unicef (1996). The Progress of Nations: Health. "Vaccines bring 7 diseases under control." http://www.unicef.org/pon96/hevaccin.htm