Making a dye from scratch and coloring socks!

2017-10-15

[public] 318K views, 11.3K likes, 97.0 dislikes audio only

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Today, I'm going to be exploring the science of azo dyes. This class of dyes is one of the most popular and it is used to dye clothing in a unique way. It is based on a reaction known as "azo coupling" where two dye components are developed directly on/in the textile fibers. The Para Red is not the best though and it is very prone to rubbing off and washing away. Because of this, other dyes are often used instead. Also, I used only one dye here, but combinations can sometimes be used to increase the vibrancy and "richness" of the color.

Both of the main starting chemicals can be made completely from scratch:

• p-nitroaniline: sodium benzoate -- benzene -- nitrobenzene -- aniline -- acetanilide -- p-nitroaniline

• 2-naphthol: naphthalene (moth balls) -- 2-naphthol

For the p-nitroaniline, I've done all the reactions in various videos over the years. The sodium benzoate that I start with is a very cheap and easy to get food preservative. I might make the 2-naphthol in a future video.

References:

• p-nitroaniline video: /youtube/video/rxLNIHM0BZ0

• Sulfuric acid video: /youtube/video/4DUGRWjdNLI

• Procedure reference: https://goo.gl/U9iDKb

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NileRed Capturing the natural beauty of chemistry I find that chemistry is often taught poorly or without a purpose. Because of this, people tend to lose interest and sometimes even start to hate it. In each video that I make, I try to balance theory with purpose. My goal is to capture the natural beauty of chemistry in fun and interesting ways. In terms of education, I have a BSc in Biochemistry, with a minor in pharmacology. However, I've always been a lot more drawn to applied chemistry. So after finishing my degree, I worked as a lab tech in an organic lab, and then as a chemistry grad student. However, I ended up leaving my graduate studies early to focus on this channel. Now, making chemistry videos has become my full-time job! Email: admin@nilered.ca
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