2019-12-02

[public] 751K views, 44.6K likes, 220 dislikes audio only

Tom Scott

"Priming" is the idea that the words you read can change the way you act. And yes, there are papers that show an effect: but we also need to talk about the Replication Crisis. MORE LANGUAGE FILES: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGLDEnHuhD7CTZES3KXFnwm0

Written with Gretchen McCulloch and Molly Ruhl. Gretchen can be found at http://lingthusiasm.com/

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REFERENCES:

Kay, A. C., Laurin, K., Fitzsimons, G. M., Landau, M. J. (2014). A functional basis for structure-seeking: Exposure to structure promotes willingness to engage in motivated action. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143, 486–491. doi:10.1037/a0034462

Bargh JA, Chartrand TL. Studying the Mind in the Middle: A Practical Guide to Priming and Automaticity Research. In: Reis H, Judd C, editors. Handbook of Research Methods in Social Psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2000.

Klein, R. A., Vianello, M., Hasselman, F., Adams, B. G., Adams, R. B., Alper, S., … Nosek, B. A. (2018). Many Labs 2: Investigating Variation in Replicability Across Samples and Settings. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 1(4), 443–490. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245918810225

Zaval, L., Keenan, E., Johnson, E., & Weber, E. (2014). How warm days increase belief in global warming. Nature Climate Change. 4. 10.1038/nclimate2093.

Hoedemaker, R., & Gordon, P. (2014). It Takes Time to Prime: Semantic Priming in the Ocular Lexical Decision Task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 40(6), 2179-2197.

Heyman, T., Van Rensbergen, B., Storms, G., Hutchison, K., & De Deyne, S. (2015). The Influence of Working Memory Load on Semantic Priming. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 41(3), 911-920.

McNeill, D. (1985). So you think gestures are nonverbal? Psychological Review, 92(3), 350-371.

Balota, D. A., & Lorch, R. F. (1986). Depth of automatic spreading activation: Mediated priming effects in pronunciation but not in lexical decision. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and

Cognition, 12, 336 –345. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.12.3.336

de Groot, A. M. (1984). Primed lexical decision: Combined effects of the

proportion of related prime–target pairs and the stimulus– onset asynchrony of prime and target. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental

Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology, 36, 253–280. doi:

10.1080/14640748408402158

Forster, K. (1981). Priming and the effects of sentence and lexical contexts

on naming time: Evidence for autonomous lexical processing. The

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental

Psychology, 33, 465– 495. doi:10.1080/14640748108400804

Hutchison, K. A., Balota, D. A., Cortese, M. J., & Watson, J. M. (2008).

Predicting semantic priming at the item level. Quarterly Journal of

Experimental Psychology (2006), 61, 1036 –1066. doi:10.1080/

17470210701438111

Keefe, D. E., & Neely, J. H. (1990). Semantic priming in the pronunciation

task: The role of prospective prime-generated expectancies. Memory &

Cognition, 18, 289 –298. doi:10.3758/BF03213882

McNamara, T. P. (2005). Semantic priming: Perspectives from memory

and word recognition. New York, NY: Psychology Press.

McNamara, T. P., & Altarriba, J. (1988). Depth of spreading activation

revisited: Semantic mediated priming occurs in lexical decisions. Journal of Memory and Language, 27, 545–559. doi:10.1016/0749-

596X(88)90025-3

Neely, J. H. (1977). Semantic priming and retrieval from lexical memory:

Roles of inhibitionless spreading activation and limited-capacity attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 106, 226 –254.

doi:10.1037/0096-3445.106.3.226

Shelton, J. R., & Martin, R. C. (1992). How semantic is automatic semantic

priming? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and

Cognition, 18, 1191–1210. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.18.6.1191

Klein, R. A., Vianello, M., Hasselman, F., Adams, B. G., Adams, R. B., Alper, S., … Nosek, B. A. (2018). Many Labs 2: Investigating Variation in Replicability Across Samples and Settings. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 1(4), 443–490. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245918810225

Rosenthal R (1979). "File drawer problem and tolerance for null results". Psychol Bull. 86 (3): 638–41.

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